Metal jetties are subject to corrosion in the marine environment due to the presence of a significant portion of the structures in the areas of marine sediments, immersed zone, tidal zone and splash zone.
Reinforced concrete jetties are subject to damages and loss of strength due to exposure to corrosive marine environment and over time. Therefore, the stability and strength of these structures should always be considered.
Platforms and offshore jackets are usually subject to more severe corrosion conditions than jetties due to avoiding the beach, being completely surrounded by the sea and increasing concentrations of corrosive ions.
Submarine pipelines may be buried in the seabed or in direct contact with seawater. Submarine pipeline cathodic protection is used as a complement to coatings and can be applied alone or with a protective concrete sheath. Submarine pipeline cathodic protection is usually performed because of the lack of electricity and ease of installation by the sacrificial anode method. The anodes used in this method are usually aluminum or zinc, which aluminum is more commonly used because of the higher current capacity. The anodes used in submarine pipelines are of bracelet type and are surrounded by pipelines. These anodes are usually composed of two parts that are connected through the core by welding or screwing.
Ships and vessels are subject to more severe corrosion than fixed offshore structures due to their mobility at sea and at their speed. Cathodic protection for ships and vessels is used as a complementary coating method. The ships and vessels cathodic protection consists of the ship hull and their tanks and is performed in both sacrificial anode and impressed current methods.
